[ This article was first published in the August, 2004, issue of
Larry’s Monthly Final Cut Studio Newsletter. Click here to subscribe.
Updated 3/8/05, 1/15/06, 3/17/06 and February 2009. ]
Some people are fans of sports teams. Me? I’m a fan of software. (Well, OK, software and the Green Bay Packers, but that’s more a religion than a sports franchise… Still, I digress.)
One of the applications I’m a huge fan of is ProTools LE. It’s just the best for mixing video soundtracks and I’ve been using it for years.
Now, Final Cut made great strides in improving its audio mixing capability in version 4, however, that was because it had such a long way to go.
I will happily produce a six track mix in Final Cut, because the audio mixer makes that easily doable. However, if I have more than six tracks, or I need serious compression/limiting or noise reduction or smoother EQ or, well, golly, just about any professional audio tool, I’ll move the audio out of FCP into ProTools.
The great part is that Final Cut and ProTools (and, for that matter, Bias Inc.’s Deck) all work together to make swapping audio files painless. And its done using an interchange format called, “OMF,” to get it out of Final Cut, then exporting a stereo AIFF out of ProTools to get it back into FCP.
Here’s how this works:
- Create your sequence. Spot all your audio and effects and make sure everything is in the right position and sync. In other words, use Final Cut to accurately locate all your audio clips, but don’t worry about levels or transitions.
- Now, export your audio mix using File > Export > Audio to OMF.
- In general, the default settings of 48k, 16-bit are acceptable for all DV and Betacam audio. (By the way, for you audiophiles, Final Cut HD can handle 8-bit to 16-bit audio in a sequence. FCP 5 handles up to 24-bit audio.)
- Audio engineers like handles the way video editors like handles. So, give them some, in this case, 5 seconds.
- Save the file.
OMF has an internal limit of 2 GB. This translates into ROUGHLY 6 tracks of mono, 16-bit audio, each one-hour long. (A 16-bit mono audio clip is roughly 5 MB per minute.)
Update: Ken Stone brought this next point to my attention recently. If you try to export only part of a sequence to an OMF file, setting In’s and Out’s won’t work. Using OMF always exports the entire sequence, regardless of how the In’s and Out’s are set.
Consequently, if your OMF file threatens to be larger than 2 GB, turn off some of the Track Visibility lights on the far left of your Timeline. Only tracks who’s visibility lights are lit (glowing green) will be exported. Then, export in sections, where each OMF file is, say, tracks 1 thru 6 and the second section is tracks 7 thru 12.
Now, in order to open an OMF file in ProTools, you’ll need the DV Toolkit, an extra cost option for ProTools LE. If you only do one or two mixes a year, you will probably be better served getting Bias Inc.’s “Deck,” which opens OMF files without extra cost options.
However, as I already own DV Toolkit, I’ll continue this illustration using ProTools.
- Open ProTools and select, Open Session
- Select the OMF file you just created and click Open. ProTools will ask you to name the session.
- On the next dialog box, change the default file format to AIF. Although WAVs are supported by Final Cut, and they are the default audio file format on Windows, I’ve never had a compatibility problem using AIFs
Then, the big OMF import screen appears. Most of the defaults in the OMF screen are OK. However, there are three I want to call to your attention:
- All tracks in your FCP sequence are output into the OMF, unless they are empty. If there is a track you don’t want to import into ProTools, change the pop-up menu from Import as New Track to Do not import.
- In the lower left corner are check-boxes indicating that ProTools should ignore clip-based gain. This means that ProTools will ignore any audio gain or pan adjustments you made in Final Cut. As Final Cut doesn’t export this data into the OMF, you can leave these off.
- Notice at the top of the screen, ProTools has already read the format of your files, so none of your audio needs to be converted into a new format
9) Click OK, at the bottom of the OMF dialog.
10) Poof! All your clips open, as individual clips, inside a new ProTools session; ready to mix.
When you are done working your audio magic, it’s time to get your audio out of ProTools and into Final Cut.
- Go to File > Bounce to Disk.
- Set the parameters to AIFF, 48K, 16-bit, to match the format of your original FCP sequence.
- Give it a name and location, and click, Save.
ProTools will mix your project and save it to your hard disk as a stereo AIFF file.
Open Final Cut and import this file as you would any other audio file.
Edit it to the Timeline so it starts at the beginning of your sequence, or the In, depending upon whether you exported the entire sequence or just a portion.
Because all files are “all digital all the time,” frame sync will be maintained throughout the entire process. As long as you don’t add, delete or change the speed of an audio clip within ProTools, which would alter sync, all audio will come back perfectly synced with video. In all the years I’ve been using process, I’ve never had a sync problem.
And, now that you know how to do it, you can use this to improve your audio as well.
Note: After this was first published, the following two comments were received.
Eric Peacock: OMF audio export [also] works nicely in Digital Performer, which does multi-channel mixes up to 10.1 and pretty much everything ProTools or any other audio app does. This is what I use for my music, which is usually 20 or more tracks with lots of MIDI layered in so it’s a vital part of my workflow. It also works well to export a low rez video clip of the project and load that into Digital Performer so I can align precise effects with key events and get visual feedback.
I figure it’s pretty much a given that any OMF supporting app will work as you detailed with ProTools, but it’s nice to know that more economical software packages like Digital Performer can be used in the same workflow.
Larry replies: Thanks, Eric. For creating low-rez video for mixing, I will most often create a small (160 x 120) QuickTime movie using the Video codec. This displays fine in ProTools (and, I suspect, Digital Performer), doesn’t take up much screen space, and decompresses using very little CPU overhead, which is perfect for audio mixing.
David Morgan:I too use Pro tools. I find myself wishing that there was a fluid in and out to Pro Tools like AVID is advertising with their Xpress Pro application.
However, considering the situation where OMF only goes one way, out of FCP into Pro Tools, I find myself wondering what’s the use? It would seem that exporting AIFF out and in would be just as good without laying out $1,000 for DV Toolkit, simply to get OMF support into ProTools.
Larry replies: The difference between AIF and OMF is that using OMF allows you to retain each clip as an individual entity retaining handles and the ability to move that clip separately from other clips on the same track.. Exporting as an AIF means that all clips on that track are merged into one long clip with no handles.
OMF is more flexible. Whether that flexibility is worth $1,000 depends upon how much you intend to move files between the two applications.
Judy Korin: One little detail that we’ve discovered that you might want to add: Your FCP sequence name, project name and omf file name need to be short (i.e. under 10 characters and with no funky characters) or else ProTools will not be able to open/read the file!
Just one of those little things that can really trip you up.
Larry replies: Cool. I didn’t know that.
UPDATED – February 2009
Jonny Elwyn writes:
just a quick question, I’m about to hand over a DVD for IKEA, to a post house to be on-lined, and i have done a rough and ready sound mix (for client viewings) on the FCP timeline which involves 5/6 mics. To do the mixing quickly i have just added edits into the tracks, then adjusted the volume on either side as desired (so rather than keyframing anything, i’ve used the cuts to separate bits)
my question is – will the cuts (which are in continuous time code – with the little red triangles in FCP) translate into the OMF or will they essentially be ignored? But how will the differing levels operate on either side of the cuts?
Larry replies: Jonny, the answer to your question is not the answer to your question…
First, FCP 5.x ignores volume levels when exporting an OMF. FCP 6.x allows you to include both audio levels and pan as part of the export dialog.
However, that answer misses the point.
As my article earlier in this issue made clear, as soon as a mix is imported into an audio application, such as Soundtrack Pro or ProTools, the audio engineer is going to checker-board all the clips to make sure the same clips are on the same track, then remove all your keyframes so that they can adjust your levels with much more precise tools than exist inside Final Cut.
So, the REAL answer is that while you can include the levels if you want, they will be removed during the mix by the audio engineer.
4 Responses to Exporting Audio Using OMF
hi larry,
thanks for posting that and thanks for reading THIS!
my problem with the set up is that all tracks come only as mono. cant they be exported out of FCP by the oMF format in stereo?
its a pain taking 32 mono tracks and setting them as 16 stereo ones. as most of us audio guys have our own templates where the stereo tracks open default, it’ll be great to get some help on this one.
thanks again
Thanks for your efforts Larry
Here’s something I tried yesterday and it worked well….i.e saved time
ProTools –> OMF
OMF — > Apple Soundtrack
Apple Soundtrack –> Aiff
Save a lot of time in the ‘bounce’ to disk…..especially if you want to export multiple separated tracks.
[…] Audition can also import OMF files from FCP 7. You export an OMF from FCP 7 that can be imported into Audition. Larry Jordan has a tutorial on how that works here. […]
I recently recorded in the studio and asked for all of my files non mixed, no compression, no reverb etc. just raw. I rec’d two cd’s labeled OMF files that were from protools. I nor anyone that I know (little guys) can open these files to start mixing the tracks. How can I do this economically. I was hoping to find a free converter that would open the omf files and allow me to make them wav, where I or others could mix them at home.
I asked again for the same thing in Wav format and rec’d a stereo two track per song set up….
What would you recommend?