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HFS+ was the principal hard disk format for all Apple hard drives – but not SSDs – starting in 1998. One of the features of that file system was the ability to encrypt hard drives.
Today, Apple announced in a Tech Note (https://support.apple.com/en-us/125615) that encrypted HFS+ drives will not be supported in macOS 28 (releasing in Fall, 2027). Unencrypted HFS+ drives and all APFS drives are NOT affected.
NOTE: This is similar to the warning Apple gave when phasing out FireWire drives. (Here’s an article about FireWire.) We have time to update our files, but we can’t dawdle forever.
Since virtually every hard drive we own is formatted as HFS+, especially because when APFS was released it did not handle spinning hard drives at all well, it is critical that you make sure any legacy hardware holding media you want to retain is not encrypted, or, next year, you’ll lose access to it.
NOTE: For performance reasons, most media creators don’t encrypt drives, so this change may not affect you. Also, while encryption won’t be supported going forward, formatting spinning hard drives and RAIDs using unencrypted HFS+, rather than APFS, will provide greater performance and stability; even today.
HOW TO TELL
TWO OPTIONS
We have two options for encrypted drives:
Reformat a Volume
Reformatting a drive requires copying all the media on it to a separate storage unit.
Then, erase the drive using Disk Utility and reformat as APFS or APFS (Encrypted). This permanently deletes all data on the volume, but ensures future macOS compatibility.
Decrypt the Volume
According to Apple’s Tech Note, to decrypt a volume:
After decryption, you can optionally convert the volume to APFS format without erasing it:
EXTRA CREDIT
Here’s the link to Apple’s Tech Note.
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8 Responses to Apple Ending Support for Encrypted HFS+ Drives
Wow! Thank you for this. The “this” being your reference to Apple dropping support for firewire drives which I had clearly missed. I should have suspected something when I went to an old FW drive recently and it wouldn’t mount. “Oh well I thought, guess the firewire cable which I was using with the appropriate adapters is down but it mounted with a USB so good enough for now.”
My question for you is what do you suggest for the long term storage of archival material? is LTO tape still the go to and where would you suggest I buy it with what specs?
My go to until now is to make at least 2 copies, if not 3 on either 7200 or 5400 rpm drives. As you can imagine even an 7200 rpm sometimes struggles depending on the type of video file I’ve put on it. When that happens, I then copy to an SSD.
I just started watching a video of yours – LTO Tape Archiving Explained, from 2021. Is there anything more current you’d suggest?
I just costed out what an LTO drive would cost me. Prohibitive in the current moment so alternative suggestions would be greatly appreciated. If my approach is the next best alternative is there a particular brand and model of a spinning drive that you’d recommend?
As a final request, which make and model of SSD do you recommend? I’ve tried a few Crucials but they are unreliable in my experience.
Many thanks.
Jase:
Great questions – but there are no great answers.
Currently, the most common form of “long-term” storage is LTO. And, you are correct, they are not cheap. However, the life-span of a CD, DVD or SSD is about ten years, the life-span of LTO tape is 30 years and more. Spinning media is fine PROVIDED you spin up every drive in storage at least once a year to keep the lubrication from sticking. You can’t just put an HDD on the shelf and forget about it.
However, the bigger issue is: “What are you archiving?” The problem is the speed at which operating systems, software, plugins and all related elements of your project change. There are very few projects that were created ten years ago that you could successfully open and edit today. From 20 years ago? Impossible. This means that you not only need to archive your media, but all the hardware and systems you used to create it.
For me, I archive source media and finished projects. If you are working in high-budget productions, archive your entire editing system – hardware and software. It isn’t cheap, but it protects high-value projects.
There is technology in the testing stage that allows data to be stored on glass surfaces, but those are not commercially available yet. So, the answer is LTO for longevity, HDD (with frequent spin-ups) for lower cost, and hope that something better and cheaper shows up soon.
Larry
Jase:
By the way, here’s a link to my FireWire article:
https://larryjordan.com/articles/goodbye-firewire-yours-was-a-proud-legacy/
Larry
My low-budget method of archival storage is to burn everything to M-Disc optical media (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M-DISC), which claims to have a lifespan of many hundreds of years. It did take a few iterations before I found a suitable burner — many drives which claimed to be M-Disc capable weren’t; an external power supply (as opposed to USB-supplied power) seems to be the deciding factor — but it’s quite a bit cheaper than using LTO tapes.
Dan:
M-disc is good to remember. I’ve known of them for a long time, but haven’t yet used them.
Larry
One major caveat: the largest capacity M-Disc blank is only 100GB, so if you need to archive individual files that are larger than that LTO tape is still the best option.
Hi Larry,
I just checked my WD External Drives. They are all “Mac OS Extended Journaled” but not “Encrypted”. Would they be compatible with macOS 28?
Thanks.
Yes. HFS+ will be supported, it’s the encryption that won’t.
Larry